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Technical Information
The basis for the following information was originally taken from http://satcodx.satcodx.com/explanation/
SR Symbol Rate
Mega Symbols per second, exactly the same thing as the Baud rate of the data
transmission. There are two values for the rate of data transmission, the number of
bits per second and the baud rate, these two are not necessarily the same.
The bits per second value is the actual rate that data is transferred between the end
systems. The baud rate is the number of changes made to the transmission signal each
second. For instance, if we can distinguish two dofferent states in the received signal,
one state can represent a binary '0' and the other can represent a binary '1'. The baud
rate will be the same as the bits per second, or BPS rate.
However, if we can distinguish four different states in the received signal
(usually these are four different phase values for the signal), each state can represent
two binary digits (00, 01, 10 and 11). The BPS rate would be two times the baud rate.
FEC Forward Error Correction
Every signal will get corrupted to some extent due to any number of causes (mostly
noise in the transmission path). With digital transmissions, an error can mean the
loss of some vital part of the picture or audio. To prevent this becoming a problem,
extra data bits are added to the signal to allow the receiving station to detect and
correct these errors.
The value indicates how many Bytes are used for actual signal, and how many for
correction of errors. A FEC of 1/2 means: 1 Byte out of 2 is used for correcting any
errors during transmission, while a ratio of 7/8 means 7 Bytes are used for the actual
signal, and only one for error correcting.
A FEC of 1/2 gives a perfect as possible reception, since every Byte containing
actual signal is controlled by another Byte checking it.
When a programmer chooses a FEC of 7/8 it means he is not waisting any bandwidth,
at the cost of delivering a signal which needs a more sophisticated equipment at the
receiving end (like: very stable LNB, higher reserves with the dish) compared to the
same transmission using a FEC of 1/2.
V-Pid Video Program Identification
It defines the data substream containing video signal. Some transmission modes,
like "PoverVu", have fixed numbers correlating with channel (frequency) number.
Radio signals, which by definition don't contain any video signal, carry the value
8191 (this means: empty) in the Video Pid. However, it is better to leave this column
blank in SatcoDX Chart, since receivers will anyhow shut down Video when there is none.
A-Pid Audio Program Identification
It defines the data substream containg the Audio (either TV sound, or Radio) information.
PCR/4DTV
Some transmissions require the receiver to match (synchronize) Video and Audio
signals. 4DTV is a propietary channel indicator.
SID Service Identification
Identifies a certain Service within the data stream.
NID Network Identification
Identifies a certain Network Provider (unique for each package). This enables
receiver to search for just those channels originating from this network provider.
TID Transponder Identification Identifies a certain Transponder (unique for each transponder per satellite). This enables receiver to search for only those channels on this particular transponder.